Practical 7 avian and fish anatomy and urinary system 2017. Atlas and dissection guide for comparative anatomy, 6th edition. In structure a placoid scale consists of a somewhat flat, basal plate originating from the corium and embedded in it, and usually carrying a spiny projection of toothlike dentine capped. Anatomy and physiology of animalstable of contents. Australian species of psolidium ludwing free download as pdf file.
Integumentary system dwelling organisms from desiccation. They are rounded cells very similar in structure at all levels except the. A fish scale is a small rigid plate that grows out of the skin of a fish. For this reason, it plays an important role of first line of defence in a number of ways. The skin consists of epidermal cells and scales in most species which are covered by a protective outer mucus cuticle. Salt is carried by the blood to the gills where they are secreted by saltsecretory cells. Identify 35 external anatomical features of a fish. Energy is stored in the form of covalent bonds between carbon atoms in the sugar molecule. Animal diversity is a textbook tailored for the restrictive requirements of a onesemester or onequarter course and is appropriate for both nonscience and science majors of varying backgrounds. Scales do not stick out of a fish but are covered by the. The most primitive fish scales are placoid, appearing first in the ancestral sharks of the upper devonian times, and found today among selachians generally.
Australian species of psolidium ludwing anatomical terms of. Compare and contrast human and fish internal organs, structures, and systems. Practical 7 avian and fish anatomy and urinary system. Scales are generally classified as part of an organisms. In this article we will discuss about the skin and scales of fishes. While every class of vertebrates except cyclostomes has some representatives with a scaly skin, the presence of scales may be regarded as the most notable modification of the integument of fishes and reptiles. The general anatomy of the scales varies, but all of them can be divided into three parts. Sugars provide nutrition to the organism and molecular oxygen is released into the atmosphere. Understand how the dermis contributes to the integument. To compare the various types of dermal scales with teeth, fill in the chart in your lab manual indicating the. The integument or skin is an outermost covering or wrapping of the body, hence it is the most exposed part of the body to the environment. The scales of fish lie in pockets in the dermis and are embeded in connective tissue.
Cosmoid scales in fish cosmoid scales modified dentin layer called cosmine extinct. Scales are quite common and have evolved multiple times with varying structure and function. Australian species of psolidium ludwing anatomical terms. Marine fish are hyposmotic regulators high salt so fish need to lose water and gain salt. The skin has two main layers, epidermis and dermis, the later contains the scales fig. This third edition of animal diversity presents a survey of the animal kingdom with emphasis on diversity, evolutionary relationships, functional. Integrated principles of zoology, fourteenth edition pdf. The cutaneous membrane skin and its derivatives exoskeleton are together referred as integument. Determine the composition of the various types of fish scales. Fish scales are part of the fishs integumentary system, and are produced from the. Fish are animals that are coldblooded, have fins and a backbone. Integrated principles of zoology, fourteenth edition.
Note the similarities between hair and feathers both in development and in general anatomy. Collagen may be up to 6 per cent of body weight in humans, and is the most abundant protein in the body, being present in skin, bones, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. A using the femur as an example of a long bone, the epiphysis is the enlarged area at either end of the bone while the diaphysis is the long shaft in the middle portion of the bone. Scale a scaleis a small rigid plate that grows out of an animalanimalss skin to provide protection. The epidermis is a fine superficial layer which thickness depends on. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Integument integument is outer protective covering of a vertebrate. Functional morphology of the integumentary system in fishes figure 2 histological section showing skin morphology of a primitive jawless fish, a spawning adult pacific lamprey, lampetra tridentata. The metaphysis is the joining point between the epiphysis and diaphysis.
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